Want to upsert data from CSV file to existing SQL Server table via command line on MacOS?
Using mssql-cmd, a Command-Line client for SQL Server, you can upsert(merge) CSV/TSV/TXT data to SQL Server table easily and fast.
Support Windows, Linux, and MacOS.
Download mssql-cmd MacOS version 
No need to install SQL Server client library.
Convenient to deploy to cloud. No need to run installation file, just uncompress and run, immediately.
Upsert/Merge CSV/TSV/TXT data into SQL Server table via command line on MacOS
1. In interactive mode:
mssql-cmd> load loadtype=upsert
> updatekey=id
> table=media_messages
> datafile=/Users/pan/Documents/media_messages.csv
> delimiter=,
> quote="
> header=y;
2. In batch mode:
mssql-cmd dsn="pan:withdata@192.168.0.102/test" task=load loadtype=upsert updatekey=id table=media_messages datafile=/Users/pan/Documents/media_messages.csv delimiter=, quote=" header=y quit=y
“loadtype=upsert” will update row in table if “updatekey” id exists, or insert new row.
See parameters detail.
More about mssql-cmd – Command-Line client for SQL Server
Download mssql-cmd MacOS version
CSV → SQL Server reference
Type mapping
| Value kind | in CSV | in SQL Server |
|---|---|---|
| Int | 1234 | int |
| Bigint | 9007199254740993 | bigint |
| Decimal | 1234.56 | decimal(p,s) |
| Float | 1.234e+10 | float |
| Text | quoted only when it contains a comma or a quote | nvarchar(n) |
| Long text | must be quoted; line breaks inside force multi-line records | nvarchar(max) |
| Date | 2026-09-18 | date |
| Datetime | 2026-09-18 14:30:00 | datetime2 |
| Binary | not representable - base64 or hex string | varbinary(max) |
| Boolean | TRUE / FALSE, or 1 / 0 depending on the writer | bit |
| JSON | the whole JSON value quoted, with internal quotes doubled | nvarchar(max) |
Dialect differences
CSV is a file format and SQL Server is a database server, so the target has to be told the types the file never carried – the rows below are where the two sides diverge.
| Property | in CSV | in SQL Server |
|---|---|---|
| port | — | 1433 |
| identifiers | Double quotes; a literal quote is doubled ("" ) | [square brackets] |
| row limit | — | SELECT TOP n |
| dates | Conventional text: 2026-09-18 or 2026-09-18 14:30:00 | datetime, datetime2, date, time |
| long text | — | nvarchar(max) |
| binary | Not supported | varbinary(max) |
| separator | Comma "," | — |
| encoding | No declaration - UTF-8 works only with a BOM | — |
| typing | None - every field is text | — |
| shape | Flat table, optional header row | Tables of rows and columns |
| ceiling | No formal limit; row count bounded by memory | — |
Command line
| Side | Command |
|---|---|
| SQL Server | bcp |
| SQL Server (load) | bcp, or BULK INSERT |
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